Anelectricvehicleisgenerallycomposedofthefollowingparts:
- PowerSystem
- Battery:Itistheenergystoragedeviceoftheelectricvehicle,providingelectricalenergyforthevehicletorun.Commontypesincludelithium-ionbatteriesandlead-acidbatteries.
- BatteryManagementSystem(BMS):Monitorsandmanagesthebatterypack,includingfunctionssuchasmeasuringbatteryvoltage,current,temperature,andbalancingthechargeofeachcelltoensurethesafeandefficientoperationofthebattery.
- DrivingSystem
- ElectricMotor:Convertselectricalenergyintomechanicalenergytodrivethewheelsofthevehicle.Itisthecorecomponentoftheelectricvehicle'sdrivingforceandcanbedividedintobrushedandbrushlessmotors.
- Controller:Controlstheoperationoftheelectricmotor,adjuststhespeed,torqueandotherparametersofthemotoraccordingtothedriver'soperationandvehicleconditions.
- ChassisSystem
- Frame:Themainstructureofthevehicle,whichbearstheweightofallpartsofthevehicleandprovidessupportandfixationforothercomponents.
- SuspensionSystem:Connectstheframeandwheels,playingaroleinbufferingandvibrationreduction,improvingtheridecomfortandhandlingstabilityofthevehicle.Itusuallyconsistsofshockabsorbers,springsandothercomponents.
- SteeringSystem:Enablesthevehicletochangedirection,mainlyincludingcomponentssuchasthesteeringwheel,steeringgearandsteeringrod.
- BrakeSystem:Usedtocontrolthespeedreductionandparkingofthevehicle,includingcomponentssuchasbrakediscs,brakecalipersandbrakelines.
- BodyandInterior
- Body:Theoutershellofthevehicle,whichplaysaroleinprotectingtheoccupantsandbeautifyingtheappearance.Itisusuallymadeofmetalorcompositematerials.
- Interior:Includesseats,dashboard,steeringwheel,pedalsandothercomponents,providingacomfortabledrivingenvironmentandoperationinterfaceforthedriverandpassengers.
- AuxiliarySystems
- ChargingSystem:Includeschargingpiles,on-boardchargersandothercomponents,usedtochargethevehicle'sbattery.
- PowerDistributionSystem:Distributeselectricalenergyfromthebatterytovariouselectricalcomponentsinthevehicle,suchaslights,airconditionersandaudiosystems.
- CommunicationandNavigationSystem:Providesfunctionssuchasvehicleinformationdisplay,navigationandcommunication,includingcomponentssuchascarmultimediasystemsandGPSmodules.